Menigococcal meningitis a rare but serious condition that causes inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Without immediate treatment, the condition can be fatal, and even where it is not there can be serious complications including gangrene, paralysis, neurological problems, brain damage and deafness.
Meningitis can be caused by bacterial or viral infections spread through mucus via sneezing, coughing, kissing, sharing utensils and toothbrushes etc. It can be the case that the carrier has no symptoms of the illness.
Who’s affected
Children, babies and teenagers are most at risk from meningococcal meningitis, but anyone with an upper respiratory infection is also at risk.
Symptoms
Symptoms can come on suddenly and include:
- High temperature or fever
- Nausea
- Headache
- A blotchy reddish or purple rash – roll a glass over the rash to see if it fades; if it doesn’t it may be a sign of blood poisoning
- Stiff neck
- Painful joints
- Aversion to bright lights
- Confusion
- Seizures
- Difficulty waking up or drowsiness
If you suspect someone has meningitis, call an ambulance immediately.
Treatment
Once tests have confirmed a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis, treatment will focus on intravenous antibiotics and fluids. People who have come into contact with a sufferer will usually be given antibiotics as a preventative measure. Viral meningitis is less serious and can usually be treated with rest and painkillers at home.
A vaccination will help prevent infection and can be given to babies as young as nine months.